Effect of Fluxing Additive on Sintering Temperature, Microstructure and Properties of BaTiO₃

Authors

Yaseen Iqbal, University of Peshawar
Asad Jamal, University of Peshawar
Riaz Ullah, University of Peshawar
M. Naeem Khan, University of Peshawar
Rick Ubic, Boise State UniversityFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-1-2012

Abstract

Various fluxing materials are added to technical ceramics in an attempt to lower their sintering temperatures and make their processing economical. The effect of 0·3wt% Li₂CO₃ addition on the phase, microstructure, phase transition temperatures and dielectric properties of BaTiO₃ was investigated in the present study. The addition of 0·3wt% Li2CO₃ was observed to lower the optimum sintering temperature by ∼200^◦C with no second phase formation and cause a five-fold reduction in grain size. Rhombohedral-to-orthorhombic and tetragonal-to-cubic phase transitions at the expected temperatures were evident from the Raman spectra, but the orthorhombic-totetragonal phase transition was not clearly discernible. The persistence of various phase(s) at higher temperatures in the flux-added materials indicated that the phase transitions occurred relatively slowly. A decrease in dielectric constant of Li₂O-added BaTiO₃ in comparison to pure BaTiO₃ may be due to the diminished dielectric polarizability of Li⁺ in comparison to Ba²⁺.

Copyright Statement

This document was originally published by Indian Academy of Sciences in Bulletin of Materials Science. Copyright restrictions may apply. DOI: 10.1007/s12034-012-0306-6

Publication Information

Iqbal, Yaseen; Jamal, Asad; Ullah, Riaz; Khan, M. Naeem; and Ubic, Rick. (2012). "Effect of Fluxing Additive on Sintering Temperature, Microstructure and Properties of BaTiO₃". Bulletin of Materials Science, 35(3), 387-394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-012-0306-6