History Faculty Publications and Presentations Copyright (c) 2013 Boise State University All rights reserved. http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs Recent documents in History Faculty Publications and Presentations en-us Fri, 24 May 2013 12:11:19 PDT 3600 Inculcate Tehran: Opening a Dialogue of Civilizations in the Shadow of God and the Alborz http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/70 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/70 Wed, 22 May 2013 12:31:54 PDT This essay discusses the establishment of Alborz College by American Presbyterian missionaries. Alborz's early years, before its 1940 nationalization by Iran, were shaped by the vision of its first president, Samuel Jordan, a liberal, athletic, pragmatic Christian reformer who led by example, a practitioner of what we now call “social work” and an encourager of female empowerment. Alborz and the Presbyterian mission which gave it birth grew in the context of American social history, including the religious awakening of the early nineteenth century, American doctrines of freedom and universal education, as well as the contradictory impulses of ethnocentricity and ecumenicism. The essay is based on private and governmental archival sources and the experience of the author as a high school student in Tehran.

This history needs to be told.

—Yahya Armajani

All writing is autobiographical.

—Donald Murray

This essay discusses the origins of Alborz College as an effort by private Americans to share with Iran the blessings of their own culture. This they did for decades, cooperating with the Tehran government, without involving Washington. Remarkably, Alborz survived Reza Shah's assault on foreign schools during the 1930s, and it flourished after nationalization as a premier Iranian institution preparing secondary students for modern university studies. It continues as such today.

]]> Michael Zirinsky Troubled Consciences: New Understandings and Performances of Penance Among Catholics in Protestant England http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/69 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/69 Thu, 04 Apr 2013 09:06:34 PDT Prior to Protestant reforms of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Catholic clerics frequently preached about the necessity of confessing one's sins to a priest through the sacrament of penance. After the passage of laws in the 1570s making it a criminal offense to be a Catholic priest in England, Catholics residing in Protestant England possessed limited opportunities to make confession to a priest. Many laypersons feared for their souls. This article examines literature written by English Catholic clerics to comfort such laypersons. These authors re-interpreted traditional Catholic understandings of how sacramental penance delivers grace to allow English Catholics to confess when priests were not present. These authors—clerics themselves—used the printed word to stand in for the usual parish priest to whom a Catholic would confess. They legitimized their efforts by appealing to the church's modus operandi of allowing alternative means to receive grace in cases of extreme emergency. Although suggestions to confess without a priest's mediation sound similar to Protestant views on penitence, these authors' prescriptions differ from Lutheran, Calvinist, Anglican, and post-Tridentine Catholic positions on penance in the Reformation era. Diverse understandings of penitence lay at the heart of confessional divisions, and this article sheds new light on heretofore unexamined English Catholic contributions to these debates, broadening scholars' conceptions of what it meant to be Catholic in Reformation England and Europe.

]]> Lisa McClain Where Was the Serbian Havel? http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/68 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/68 Fri, 22 Feb 2013 15:07:41 PST Nick Miller Parables of Chapultepec : Urban Parks, National Landscapes, and Contradictory Conservation in Modern Mexico http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/67 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/67 Tue, 12 Feb 2013 15:11:27 PST Emily Wakild A Revolutionary Civilization: National Parks, Transnational Exchanges, and the Construction of Modern Mexico http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/66 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/66 Tue, 12 Feb 2013 15:08:40 PST Emily Wakild Idaho’s 'Aryan' Education: Martin Luther King, Jr., Day and Racial Politics http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/65 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/65 Fri, 31 Aug 2012 14:31:25 PDT Idaho was among the nation's last states to honor Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and his human rights work with a paid state holiday. Given Idaho's media-made reputation as a haven for white supremacists, this delay likely surprises few readers. Ironically, however, those supremacists induced the holiday's adoption in 1990.

]]> Jill Gill "I nevertheless am a historian": Digital Historical Practice and Malpractice Around Black Confederate Soldiers http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/64 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/64 Tue, 31 Jul 2012 15:24:45 PDT I have a good deal of interest in how members of the public who are not academically trained historians "do history." For me, then, "public history" does not mean just projects, programs, and exhibits created by professional historians for the public, but rather the very broad and complex intersection of "the public" with historical practice. Provision those occupying this intersection with freely available digital tools and platforms, and things become interesting quickly. Because setting up a blog, wiki, or discussion forum means only a few mouse clicks, and archival resources are increasingly digitized, we are seeing a burgeoning of sites that coalesce communities around historical topics of interest. Even those who have no interest in setting up their own websites can participate in history-specific Facebook groups, blogging communities, and genealogy sites.

Such digital spaces expand and blur considerably the spectrum of what counts as historical practice. For example, on Ancestry.com, users piece together family histories by synthesizing government records and crowdsourced resources of varying origin and credibility. Professional historians might take an active interest, then, in how digital archival and communication resources affect the spread or containment of particular historical myths.1 It is not clear, however, how these technologies aid academic historians in participating, or impede them from intervening, in these discussions. This chapter uses discourses about black Confederate soldiers to explore how digital technologies are changing who researches and writes history—as well as what authorial roles scholars are playing in the fuzzy edges of historical practice where crowdsourcing and the lay public are creating new research resources and narratives. These digital tools and resources not only are democratizing historical practice, but also providing professional historians with new opportunities and modes for expanding historical literacy.

]]> Leslie Madsen-Brooks Conflicted Objectives: The NCLBA vs. a Flat World http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/63 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/63 Wed, 04 Apr 2012 13:15:16 PDT The authors examine the competing pressures on the education community posed by the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLBA) and its mandates, and the less specific, but visible demands that an increasingly global economy place upon education planners, policy makers and researchers. This conflict is examined from a national, regional and local perspective, with examples and citations from the recent literature and interview quotations from Idaho teachers. The authors also point to some specific issues regarding the research methods mandated by the NCLBA, and the problems these mandates may create in the education policy and research communities.

]]> Clifton Wickstrom et al. Caught in the Middle: Navigating the Clergy-Laity Gap During the Vietnam War http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/62 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/62 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 13:30:26 PST Executives within many mainline denominations, such as the United Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, were frustrated by their inability to inspire widespread debate and action at the congregational level about the Vietnam War Using the UPCUSA as a case study, this article argues that parish clergy functioned as the primary bottlenecks between the denominations and the congregations, constricting the flow of information largely because of their uncomfortable, precarious, middle position between liberal leadership and more conservative laity. By ming clergy journals and citing pastors in their own words, this essay illustrates the ambivalence local ministers felt toward both laity and church executives, as well as their concerns and confusion, as they struggled to navigate the clergy-laity divide during a highly polarized time.

]]> Jill Gill Quiet and Determined Servants and Guardians: Creating Ideal English Police Officers, 1900-1945 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/61 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/61 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 09:42:24 PST Joanne Klein The Failure of Force: Policing Terrorism in Northern Ireland http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/60 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/60 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 12:51:24 PST In the 1960s, Northern Irish Catholic began a civil rights movement demanding their rights as citizens and an end to Protestant abuses of political power. While the British government considered their appeals for reform, the Protestant-controlled Northern Irish government banned civil rights marches and insisted that Catholics had no cause for complaint. This provoked violent clashes between Catholic marchers and the predominantly Protestant Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC). Protestant extremists began setting off bombs in Catholic neighborhoods and Catholic extremists retaliated; both sides launched into campaigns of bombing, assassination, and assault hoping to drive each other out of the region. In 1969, the British sent in the army to end the chaos since the partisan RUC was clearly part of the problem. However, the presence of the army instead intensified the climate of civil war. A British attempt in 1974 to create a government where Protestants and Catholics shared power failed, and by 1975 the British had to abandon the militarization policy.

]]> Joanne Klein Traffic, Telephones and Police Boxes: The Deterioration of Beat Policing in Birmingham, Liverpool and Manchester between the World Wars http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/59 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/59 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 12:50:15 PST On the surface, policing Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester between the two world wars did not differ significantly from policing in the previous century. Its primary cornerstone remained a police constable walking the beat. However, appearances were misleading. The growing demands of managing traffic siphoned men away from beats who were not replaced by city authorities eager to save money. The significantly fewer constables left patrolling beats covered expanded territory to make up for men assigned to traffic duties. At the same time, the public came to assume that constables were responsible for providing first aid, retrieving lost property, and other service duties not associated with deterring crime. As telephones became more common, summoning a policeman became convenient even for minor problems such as noisy neighbors or stranded pets. The men left on beats faced higher expectations from the public than experienced by their pre-war colleagues and found it increasingly difficult to cover the areas assigned to them.

]]> Joanne Klein ‘Leaving at His Own Request’: Les Démissions Volontaires d’Agents de Police Britanniques (1900-1939) http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/58 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/58 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 12:48:44 PST Joanne Klein Ilocanos and the 1896 Philippine Revolution http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/57 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/57 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 10:32:10 PDT Shelton Woods Ilocano Immigration and the Attitudes of American Missionaries http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/56 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/56 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 10:29:51 PDT Shelton Woods Patent Laws and the Public Good: IPR Protection in Japan and the United States http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/55 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/55 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 10:26:32 PDT Focuses on unprecedented growth in technological sophistication around the world that has led to an escalation in both the supply of and demand for intellectual property. Development of patent law in the United States and Japan; Comparing United States and Japanese patent systems; Cultural dimensions and patent law; Historical foundations of intellectual property protection in Japan; Forces leading to harmonization of intellectual property protection.



]]> C. Christopher Baughn et al. Early American Missionaries in Ilocos http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/54 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/54 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 10:16:00 PDT Shelton Woods The Disciples of Christ in the Philippines http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/53 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/53 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 10:12:12 PDT Shelton Woods Expatriate Global Investment and Squatter Displacement in Manila http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/52 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/52 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 10:10:50 PDT Shelton Woods The Myth of Cambodia's Recovery http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/51 http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/history_facpubs/51 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 10:09:33 PDT Shelton Woods